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          User's Manual: Building a Monitor Test Plan</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><link href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Merriweather:400normal" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/new-style.css"></head><body role="document"><a href="#content" class="hidden">Main content</a><div class="header"><!--
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<p>In this section, you will learn how to create a 
<a href="build-test-plan.html">Test Plan</a> to monitor webservers. Monitors
are useful for a stress testing and system management. Used with stress
testing, the monitor provides additional information about server performance.
It also makes it easier to see the relationship between server performance
and response time on the client side. As a system administration tool, the
monitor provides an easy way to monitor multiple servers from one console.
The monitor was designed to work with the status servlet in Tomcat 5. In
theory, any servlet container that supports JMX (Java Management Extension)
can port the status servlet to provide the same information.</p>
<p>For those who want to use the monitor with other servlet or EJB containers,
Tomcat's status servlet should work with other containers for the memory
statistics without any modifications. To get thread information, you will
need to change the MBeanServer lookup to retrieve the correct MBeans.</p>

</div><div class="section"><h1 id="adding_server">13.1 Adding A Server<a class="sectionlink" href="#adding_server" title="Link to here">&para;</a></h1>
<p>The first step is to add a <a href="test_plan.html#thread_group">Thread Group</a>
element.  The Thread Group tells JMeter the number of threads you want. Always use
1, since we are using JMeter as a monitor. This is very important for those not
familiar with server monitors. As a general rule, using multiple threads for a
single server is bad and can create significant stress.
</p>

<p>Go ahead and add the ThreadGroup element by first selecting the Test Plan,
clicking your right mouse button to get the Add menu, and then select
Add --&gt; ThreadGroup.</p>

<p>You should now see the Thread Group element under Test Plan.  If you do not
see the element, "expand" the Test Plan tree by clicking on the Test Plan element.</p>

<figure><a href="../images/screenshots/webtest/threadgroup.png"><img src="../images/screenshots/webtest/threadgroup.png" width="" height="" alt="
Figure 13.1. Thread Group with Default Values"></a><figcaption>
Figure 13.1. Thread Group with Default Values</figcaption></figure>

<p>Change the loop count to forever (or some large number) so that enough samples are generated.</p>

</div><div class="section"><h1 id="adding_auth">13.2 HTTP Auth Manager<a class="sectionlink" href="#adding_auth" title="Link to here">&para;</a></h1>
<p>Add the <a href="../usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Authorization_Manager">HTTP Authorization Manager</a> to the Thread Group element
(Add --&gt; Config element --&gt; HTTP Authorization Manager). Enter the username
and password for your webserver. Important note: the monitor only works with
Tomcat5 build 5.0.19 and newer. For instructions on how to setup Tomcat, please
refer to tomcat 5 documentation.</p>
<ol>
<li> leave the base URL blank</li>
<li> enter the username</li>
<li> enter the password</li>
</ol>
</div><div class="section"><h1 id="adding_request">13.3 Adding HTTP Request<a class="sectionlink" href="#adding_request" title="Link to here">&para;</a></h1>

<p>Add the <a href="../usermanual/component_reference.html#HTTP_Request">HTTP Request</a> to the Thread Group element
(Add --&gt; Sampler --&gt; HTTP Request). Then, select the HTTP Request element
in the tree and edit the following properties):
<ol>
<li>Change the Name field to "Server Status".</li>
<li>Enter the IP address or Hostname</li>
<li>Enter the port number</li>
<li>Set the Path field to "/manager/status" if you're using Tomcat.</li>
<li>Add a request parameter named "XML" in uppercase. Give it a value of
"true" in lowercase.</li>
<li>Check "Use as Monitor" at the bottom of the sampler</li>
</ol>
</p>

</div><div class="section"><h1 id="adding_timer">13.4 Adding Constant Timer<a class="sectionlink" href="#adding_timer" title="Link to here">&para;</a></h1>

<p>Add a timer to this thread group (Add --&gt; Timer --&gt; Constant Timer).
Enter 5000 milliseconds in the "Thread Delay" box. In general, using intervals shorter
than 5 seconds will add stress to your server. Find out what is an acceptable interval
before you deploy the monitor in your production environment.</p>

</div><div class="section"><h1 id="adding_listener">13.5 Adding a Listener to Store the Results<a class="sectionlink" href="#adding_listener" title="Link to here">&para;</a></h1>
<p>If you want to save the raw results from the server, add a simple data
 <a href="component_reference.html#listeners">Listener</a>. If you want to save the
 calculated statistics, enter a filename in the listener. If you want to save both
 the raw data and statistics, make sure you use different filenames.</p>

<p>Select the thread group element and add a <a href="../usermanual/component_reference.html#Simple_Data_Writer">Simple Data Writer</a> listener
(Add --&gt; Listener --&gt; Simple Data Writer).  Next, you need to specify a directory
and filename of the output file.  You can either type it into the filename field, or
select the Browse button and browse to a directory and then enter a filename.</p>

</div><div class="section"><h1 id="add_monitor_listener">13.6 Adding Monitor Results<a class="sectionlink" href="#add_monitor_listener" title="Link to here">&para;</a></h1>

<p>Add the <a href="component_reference.html#listeners">Listener</a> by selecting the
test plan element (Add --&gt; Listener -- &gt; Monitor Results). 
<br>
By default, the Listener will select the results from the first connector in the sample response.
The Connector prefix field can be used to select a different connector.
If specified, the Listener will choose the first connector which matches the prefix.
If no match is found, then the first connector is selected.
</p>
<p>There are two tabs in
the monitor results listener. The first is the "Health", which displays the status of
the last sample the monitor received. The second tab is "Performance", which shows a
historical view of the server's performance. 
</p>

<figure><a href="../images/screenshots/monitor_health.png"><img src="../images/screenshots/monitor_health.png" width="" height="" alt=""></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
<p>A quick note about how health is calculated. Typically, a server will crash if
it runs out of memory, or reached the maximum number of threads. In the case of
Tomcat 5, once the threads are maxed out, requests are placed in a queue until a
thread is available. The relative importance of threads vary between containers, so
the current implementation uses 50/50 to be conservative. A container that is more
efficient with thread management might not see any performance degradation, but
the used memory definitely will show an impact.</p>
<figure><a href="../images/screenshots/monitor_screencap.png"><img src="../images/screenshots/monitor_screencap.png" width="" height="" alt=""></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
<p>The performance graph shows four different lines. The free memory line shows how
much free memory is left in the current allocated block. Tomcat 5 returns the maximum
memory, but it is not graphed. In a well tuned environment, the server should never
reach the maximum memory.</p>
<p>Note the graph has captions on both sides of the graph. On the left is percent and
the right is dead/healthy. If the memory line spikes up and down rapidly, it could
indicate memory thrashing. In those situations, it is a good idea to profile the
application with Borland OptimizeIt or JProbe. What you want to see is a regular
pattern for load, memory and threads. Any erratic behavior usually indicates poor
performance or a bug of some sort.</p>

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